One of the early stages of learning to read is letter recognition. This is not just about matching the letters but knowing what each letter sounds like as well as looks like. Once a child understands the differences between each letter, they can start to spot them in the middle of words. This leads to understanding that words are made up of letters which is when a child is ready to begin form word-blends and sound out words.
In our preschool 3-6 year old classroom at Little Builders Preschool, a ministry of YWAM San Diego/Baja, we use things like the moveable alphabet, sandpaper letters and alphabet matching cards to reinforce letter recognition. We also use these items to help teach letter sounds. In the traditional Montessori classroom it is very important to teach the letter sound instead of or alongside of the letter name. This helps the child to read phonetically faster which creates a feeling of success and excitement to learn more.
We like to teach letters out of order as this cuts down on the memorization of the letters like the alphabet song but yet reinforces the understanding and concept of letter recognition. We usually teach in the order of the 70's version of Letter People and we also teach the names with a "Mr" for consonants or "Miss" for vowels as this enforces the fact that these types of letters are different and will help when introducing the second, third and sometimes fourth sounds that vowels make. {We only teach the short vowel sounds to begin with}. *Letter People has since stopped introducing the letters this way and instead now split them evenly between "mr" & "miss", I can only assume to be more PC/feminist movement?!?